Deformation characteristics of woven fabric under different directions of uniaxial tensile loading

Abstract

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the effect of the uniaxial tensile loading under different directions on the elongation of a woven fabric sample, i.e. the influence on the amount of deformation. Deformation measurements of sample of raw plain weave cotton fabric were carried out under tensile force until breakage with the samples cut in the weft direction (0°), in the warp direction (90°), and at angles of 15°, 26,56°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 63,44°, 75° in relation to the weft yarns in the fabric. Based on the experimentally measured elongation values of the fabric samples, diagrams of the elongation of the edge and central parts of the fabric samples in relation to the total elongation were created. The research results confirm that the complex nature of the fabric leads to different deformation properties in different test directions. When conducting the test, the threads of the fabric sample were placed differently (at different angles) in relation to the clamps and to the direction of the force, therefore they reacted differently to the applied load. From the above results, it can be observed that in this type of fabric, the central part of the fabric sample is always more elongated than the edge parts of the fabric except for the samples cut in the weft direction (0°), in the warp direction (90°), and at angles of 15° and 75° in relation to the weft. In these samples, the elongation curves of the edge areas of the sample and the central area almost overlap, i.e. their deformation behavior is uniform.