Prediction of the ultimate strength and elongation at break of woven fabrics under the effect of tensile force in arbitrary directions

Abstract

The paper presents an experimental testing and determination of ultimate strength and elongation at break of woven fabric at different angles of force direction. Measurements were carried out on three samples of cotton woven fabrics with a constant warp and weft density and different warp and weft densities with the same structural plain weave. The paper presents a practical application of uniaxial tensile testing of the fabric to determine its mechanical properties. The cotton fabric samples were tested under tensile forces at different angles with respect to the weft direction. Based on the experimentally obtained values, theoretical and fitted values of ultimate strength and elongation at break for arbitrarily chosen fabric directions were calculated. The paper compares experimental and theoretical values of breaking forces, elongation at break and ultimate strength. The coefficients of correlation r and the values of root mean square error (RMSE) show the applicability of theoretical equations for calculating ultimate strength and extension at break for the arbitrarily chosen direction of cutting the fabric specimen. Therefore, measurements should be taken when tensile force acts on the fabric only in the warp (90°) and weft direction (0°) and at an angle of 45°. Fabric density does not affect the applicability of theoretical equations.